Verbal refers to spell you must speak to cast. If you cannot speak, or no sound can be heard. When you cast the spell, it will have no effect.
Focus refers to needing an arcane focus. Arcane Focus refers to a item with that tag, usually an item or in some instance a way to channel your spell. Without an arcane focus, you cannot cast spells with the F tag
Material means you need certain items or resource. Without it, you cannot cast the spell.